The duration of whiskey distillation can vary depending on several factors, including the type of still being used and the desired characteristics of the final product. However, the first distillation in the wash still typically takes about 4 to 7 hours.
During the distillation process, the wash still is heated using superheated steam, which provides the necessary energy for the evaporation of alcohol. The temperature of the wash still is usually maintained around 78 degrees Fahrenheit, as this is the temperature at which ethanol, the main alcohol component in whiskey, evaporates.
The length of time required for the first distillation can be influenced by various factors, such as the volume of wash being distilled and the efficiency of the still. Larger volumes of wash may take longer to distill, as there is more liquid to heat and evaporate. Additionally, the design and efficiency of the still can affect the speed of the distillation process.
In my experience as a sommelier and brewer, I have found that the first distillation of whiskey often requires a significant amount of time to ensure that the alcohol is properly evaporated and collected. It is important to allow enough time for the heat supply to the pot still to be fully utilized in the evaporation process. Rushing the distillation could result in a lower quality product, as not all of the alcohol may be properly separated from the wash.
During the first distillation, the wash is heated gradually, allowing the alcohol to evaporate and rise to the top of the still. This vapor is then collected and condensed, resulting in a liquid known as “low wines.” These low wines contain a higher concentration of alcohol compared to the original wash.
After the first distillation, the low wines are typically subjected to a second distillation in a spirit still. This second distillation further refines the alcohol, removing impurities and enhancing the desired flavors and aromas. The duration of the second distillation can vary depending on the desired outcome and the characteristics of the spirit still being used.
The distillation process for whiskey can be a time-consuming but crucial step in producing a high-quality product. The duration of the distillation, particularly the first run in the wash still, should not be rushed, as it plays a significant role in separating the alcohol from the wash and setting the stage for the subsequent distillation steps.