Tequila is distilled twice for several reasons, all of which contribute to the unique characteristics and flavors of the final product. The process of double distillation helps to refine and purify the tequila, resulting in a smoother and more complex spirit.
Firstly, the initial distillation, known as the first distillate or “ordinario,” is where the fermented juice of the blue agave plant is heated and transformed into alcohol. This first distillation typically takes place in large copper or stainless steel stills, and the resulting liquid is known as “low wine.” However, this first distillate is not yet suitable for bottling as tequila.
The second distillation is where the true magic happens. The low wine from the first distillation is transferred to smaller, more traditional copper stills called “alambiques.” These stills are often shaped like an onion and are designed to concentrate and refine the flavors of the tequila.
During the second distillation, the low wine is heated and the alcohol vapors rise through the still, condensing and collecting as a higher proof liquid. This second distillate, known as the “tequila ordinario,” is then ready for further processing and aging.
There are several reasons why tequila is double distilled. One of the main reasons is to remove impurities and unwanted flavors that may be present in the first distillate. The second distillation helps to separate the desirable aromatic compounds and flavors from any undesirable elements, resulting in a cleaner and more refined spirit.
Additionally, double distillation allows the tequila maker to control and enhance specific characteristics of the spirit. By carefully monitoring the second distillation process, the distiller can capture and concentrate certain aromas and flavors, creating a more complex and nuanced tequila. This is particularly important for premium and aged tequilas, where the sensory profile is a key factor in the final product.
Moreover, the use of copper stills in the second distillation can also contribute to the overall quality of the tequila. Copper is known for its ability to interact with the spirit, removing sulfur compounds and producing a smoother and more aromatic final product. The presence of copper in the distillation process can help to eliminate any harsh or undesirable notes, resulting in a more enjoyable drinking experience.
Double distillation is a crucial step in the production of tequila. It helps to refine and purify the spirit, removing impurities and unwanted flavors while enhancing desirable characteristics. The use of copper stills in the second distillation further contributes to the overall quality and sensory experience of the tequila. The result is a smooth, complex, and aromatic spirit that is unique to the world of tequila.