As an expert sommelier and brewer, I can assure you that there is indeed a difference between American whiskey and bourbon. While bourbon falls under the category of whiskey, not all whiskey can be classified as bourbon. The distinction lies in the specific requirements and regulations that bourbon must adhere to.
Firstly, bourbon must be made in the United States. This is a crucial requirement that sets it apart from other types of whiskey. The history of bourbon is deeply rooted in American culture and tradition, making it a uniquely American spirit.
Secondly, bourbon must be made from a mash bill that consists of at least 51% corn. This high corn content gives bourbon its signature sweet and rich flavor profile. The remaining percentage of the mash bill typically includes grains such as malted barley, rye, or wheat. The exact combination of grains used can vary between distilleries, resulting in different flavor profiles and characteristics.
Another important distinction is that bourbon must be aged in new, charred American white oak barrels. This aging process imparts distinct flavors and aromas to the spirit, such as vanilla, caramel, and oak. The charring of the barrels creates a layer of charcoal that helps filter impurities and adds complexity to the final product.
Furthermore, bourbon must be bottled at a minimum of 80 proof (40% alcohol by volume). This ensures that the spirit has a certain level of potency and flavor intensity. However, it's worth noting that many bourbons on the market today exceed this minimum requirement, with some reaching proof levels well above 100.
The combination of these specific requirements and regulations sets bourbon apart from other types of whiskey. It is this attention to detail and adherence to tradition that makes bourbon such a beloved and respected spirit.
In my personal experience, I have had the opportunity to taste and appreciate a wide variety of American whiskeys and bourbons. Each one has its own unique characteristics and flavor profiles. While some American whiskeys may share similarities with bourbon, they may not meet all the criteria necessary to be classified as such.
Bourbon is a type of American whiskey, but not all American whiskeys can be considered bourbon. The distinction lies in the specific requirements regarding the country of origin, mash bill composition, aging process, and proof level. These regulations ensure that bourbon is a spirit that embodies the rich history and tradition of American whiskey-making.