The California common, also known as steam beer, is a unique style of beer that is brewed with lager yeast but fermented at warmer ale fermentation temperatures. This combination of lager yeast and ale fermentation creates a beer that has characteristics of both lagers and ales.
To understand whether a California common is a lager, it is important to first understand the differences between lagers and ales. Lagers are typically fermented at colder temperatures, around 45-55°F (7-13°C), and are known for their clean and crisp flavors. Ales, on the other hand, are fermented at warmer temperatures, around 65-75°F (18-24°C), and often exhibit more fruity and estery flavors.
The California common falls somewhere in between these two categories. While it is brewed with lager yeast, which traditionally ferments at cooler temperatures, it is fermented at warmer ale fermentation temperatures, typically around 58-68°F (14-20°C). This higher fermentation temperature allows the yeast to produce more esters and create a unique flavor profile.
One of the key characteristics of a California common is the presence of toasted malt and caramel-like flavors. This is often evident in both the aroma and the taste of the beer. These flavors are a result of the use of specialty malts, which are kilned or roasted to develop their unique characteristics.
The California common style was made famous by San Francisco's Anchor Brewing Company, which has been brewing its flagship beer, Anchor Steam, since the late 1800s. The term “steam beer” actually originated from the process of fermenting these beers in open vessels, which resulted in steam rising from the fermentation tanks.
In my personal experience, I have always found California commons to be incredibly enjoyable and unique. The combination of lager yeast and warmer fermentation temperatures creates a beer that is both refreshing and full of flavor. The toasty malt and caramel-like notes add depth and complexity to the beer, making it a great choice for those looking for something a little different from traditional lagers or ales.
While a California common is brewed with lager yeast, it is not strictly considered a lager due to its fermentation at warmer temperatures. It is a style that combines elements of both lagers and ales, resulting in a beer with its own distinct characteristics. Whether you call it a steam beer or a California common, it is a style that is worth exploring and enjoying for its unique flavor profile.