As an expert sommelier and brewer, I can confidently say that a California common, also known as a “steam beer,” is not a traditional lager. However, it does utilize lager yeast during the brewing process.
The California common is unique in that it is fermented at ale fermentation temperatures, typically around 60-65°F (15-18°C), rather than the cooler temperatures typically used for lager fermentation. This higher temperature allows for a faster fermentation process, resulting in a quicker turnaround time for the beer.
One of the defining characteristics of a California common is its noticeable degree of toasted malt and caramel-like malt flavors. This gives the beer a distinct flavor profile which sets it apart from other lagers. The toasty and caramel notes can also be present in the beer's aroma, adding depth and complexity to the overall experience.
The California common style was made famous by San Francisco's Anchor Brewing Company, which introduced their flagship beer, Anchor Steam, in the late 19th century. The term “steam beer” actually originated from the practice of open fermentation used by some breweries in the past, where steam would rise from the fermenting vessels.
It is worth noting that the term “lager” refers to a specific method of fermentation, where the beer is fermented at cooler temperatures and undergoes a longer maturation period. This results in a cleaner and crisper flavor profile, with fewer fruity or estery notes commonly found in ales.
While a California common does utilize lager yeast, the fermentation temperature and the presence of toasted and caramel-like malt flavors make it distinct from traditional lagers. It is a style that combines elements of both lagers and ales, creating a unique and flavorful beer.
In my personal experience, I have enjoyed many California commons and appreciate the balance they strike between the clean, refreshing qualities of a lager and the depth of flavor typically associated with ales. The toasty malt character adds a pleasant richness to the beer, making it a great choice for those who enjoy a bit more complexity in their brews.
A California common is not a traditional lager, but rather a unique style that utilizes lager yeast but is fermented at ale fermentation temperatures. The presence of toasted and caramel-like malt flavors sets it apart from traditional lagers and gives it a distinct character. It is a style that has gained popularity and recognition, thanks to the iconic Anchor Steam beer from San Francisco.