Crianza and Tempranillo are actually not interchangeable terms, but rather two different aspects of the same wine. Tempranillo is a grape varietal commonly used in the production of Spanish red wines, particularly those from the Rioja region. Crianza, on the other hand, refers to a specific aging designation for wines in Spain.
Tempranillo grapes are known for their vibrant red fruit flavors, such as cherries and strawberries. They often have a medium to full body, with a good balance of acidity and tannins. The wine produced from Tempranillo grapes tends to be fruit-forward and approachable, making it a popular choice for both casual and more serious wine drinkers.
Crianza, as mentioned earlier, is an aging designation for wines in Spain. To be labeled as Crianza, the wine must undergo a minimum of two years of aging, with at least six months spent in oak barrels. This aging process imparts additional flavors and complexity to the wine, including notes of leather, tobacco, and vanilla from the oak barrels.
The use of oak barrels in Crianza wines also gives them a slightly oaky character, which can be more pronounced depending on the length of aging and the type of oak used. This oak influence can add depth and richness to the wine, enhancing its overall flavor profile.
It's worth noting that Crianza is just one level of aging for Tempranillo wines in Spain. The next levels are Reserva and Gran Reserva, both of which have longer aging requirements. Reserva wines must be aged for a minimum of three years, with at least one year in oak barrels, while Gran Reserva wines require a minimum of five years of aging, with two years in oak.
As the aging levels increase, the flavors and aromas of the Tempranillo wines become more complex and intense. The oak influence becomes more prominent, adding layers of spice, toast, and sometimes even a hint of cedar. These wines also tend to develop more tertiary flavors, such as dried fruits, earthiness, and hints of mushroom.
While Tempranillo refers to the grape varietal used in Spanish red wines, Crianza is an aging designation that signifies a minimum of two years of aging, with oak barrel aging. Crianza wines tend to have a balance of ripe red fruit flavors and oaky notes, while higher aging levels like Reserva and Gran Reserva offer more complexity and intensity in terms of flavors and aromas.