Not all dark rums are aged. The color of rum can vary depending on factors such as the type of molasses used, the fermentation process, and the aging process. Dark rum typically has a rich, caramel color, which is often associated with aging in oak barrels. However, this color can also be achieved through the addition of caramel or other coloring agents.
Aged rum, on the other hand, refers specifically to rum that has been matured in barrels for a certain period of time. During the aging process, the rum develops flavors and aromas from the wood, as well as undergoes chemical reactions that mellow and smooth out the spirit. The length of aging can vary greatly, ranging from a few years to several decades.
When it comes to labeling regulations for rum, there is unfortunately a lack of uniformity. Different countries have different rules and regulations, and this can lead to confusion for consumers. Some countries may require a minimum aging period to be specified on the label in order for a rum to be labeled as “aged.” However, in other cases, the term “aged” may be used more loosely and may not necessarily indicate a specific period of time.
In some instances, producers may use additives and techniques to artificially darken the color of rum without aging it in barrels. This can be done to create a perception of a well-aged rum without the time and expense of actually aging the spirit. While this practice is not necessarily illegal, it can be misleading for consumers who may be expecting the complexity and depth of flavor that comes from true barrel aging.
As a sommelier and brewer, I have encountered various dark rums throughout my career. I have tasted both aged and non-aged dark rums, and the difference in flavor and complexity is noticeable. Aged dark rums often exhibit notes of vanilla, caramel, and oak, along with a smooth and velvety mouthfeel. Non-aged dark rums, on the other hand, can be lighter in flavor and lack the depth and complexity that comes from aging.
While dark rum is typically associated with aging, not all dark rums are aged. Barrel aging is what usually gives rum its warm, toasty color and adds complexity to the flavor profile. However, due to varying labeling regulations and the use of additives, it is important for consumers to carefully read labels and do their research to ensure they are purchasing a truly aged rum if that is what they desire.