Hops, the flowers of the Humulus lupulus plant, are a crucial ingredient in the brewing process that contribute bitterness, aroma, and flavor to beer. While hops come in a wide variety of flavors and aromas, it is true that certain hop varieties are known for their citrus characteristics. These citrus hops can add a bright, refreshing twist to beer styles that emphasize hop character and fruity aromas.
When it comes to citrus flavor in hops, there are a few key compounds that contribute to this characteristic. One of these compounds is called myrcene, which is found in varying levels in different hop varieties. Myrcene is also found in abundance in many citrus fruits, such as lemons and oranges, which is why it imparts a citrusy aroma and flavor to hops.
Some popular hop varieties known for their citrus flavors include:
1. Cascade: Cascade hops are one of the most widely-used hops in American craft brewing. They are known for their floral, spicy, and citrusy character, with grapefruit and lemon notes being prominent. Cascade hops are often used in American Pale Ales and IPAs to provide a balanced bitterness and citrusy aroma.
2. Citra: As the name suggests, Citra hops are highly sought after for their intense citrus aroma and flavor. They are known for their tropical fruit, grapefruit, lime, and lemon characteristics. Citra hops are often used in IPAs and New England IPAs to create a juicy, citrus-forward profile.
3. Amarillo: Amarillo hops are known for their intense orange, tangerine, and grapefruit flavors. They have a unique blend of floral and citrus characteristics that make them a favorite for hop-forward beers. Amarillo hops are commonly used in IPAs and American Wheat Beers.
4. Simcoe: Simcoe hops possess a complex flavor profile that includes citrus, pine, and earthy notes. While they are not as citrus-forward as some other varieties, they still contribute a touch of grapefruit, tangerine, and orange flavors. Simcoe hops are frequently used in IPAs and Double IPAs to add depth and complexity.
These are just a few examples of the many hop varieties that can provide citrus flavors to beer. Depending on the brewing technique and hop combination, brewers can create a diverse range of citrus-forward beers.
In my personal experience as a brewer and sommelier, working with citrus hops has been an exciting and creative process. The aroma of freshly crushed hop cones, especially those with citrus characteristics, is incredibly vibrant and invigorating. When added to the boiling wort during the brewing process, the hops release their essential oils, infusing the beer with their unique flavors and aromas.
One of the most memorable beers I brewed using citrus hops was an IPA that showcased the intense citrus character of Citra hops. The aroma was bursting with tropical fruit, grapefruit, and lemon zest, which carried through to the flavor. The beer had a vibrant, zesty quality that made it incredibly refreshing and enjoyable to drink. It was a hit among beer enthusiasts who appreciated the bold citrus hop profile.
Hops can indeed have a citrus flavor, thanks to certain hop varieties that contain compounds like myrcene. These citrus hops are commonly used in beer styles that celebrate hop character and fruity aromas, such as American Pale Ales, IPAs, New England IPAs, and American Wheat Beers. The use of citrus hops adds a bright, refreshing twist to these beers, creating a delightful sensory experience for beer lovers.