The duties of a castellan were multifaceted and encompassed a range of responsibilities. Primarily, the castellan held military authority over the castle's garrison, ensuring the protection and defense of the castle and its surrounding lands. This involved overseeing the training and organization of the garrison, ensuring their readiness for any potential threats or attacks.
In addition to the military aspect, the castellan also had the important role of maintaining and improving the castle's defenses. This included inspecting and repairing the fortifications, such as the walls, towers, and gates, to ensure their structural integrity. Regular maintenance was crucial to prevent any weaknesses that could be exploited by enemies. The castellan would also oversee the provision of weaponry and ammunition, ensuring the garrison was well-equipped to defend the castle.
Another significant duty of the castellan was the protection and administration of the castle's lands. This involved managing the agricultural and economic activities on the castle's estates. The castellan would oversee the cultivation of crops, the rearing of livestock, and the collection of taxes from tenant farmers and vassals. They would also be responsible for overseeing any workers or servants employed by the castle, ensuring their well-being and fair treatment.
Furthermore, the castellan had a legal role in the administration of the castle's lands. They would act as a judge in resolving disputes between tenants, ensuring that justice was served within the castle's jurisdiction. This included settling land disputes, resolving conflicts between workers, and maintaining law and order within the castle's boundaries. The castellan would also have the power to issue and enforce punishments for crimes committed within the castle's jurisdiction.
In addition to these core responsibilities, the castellan would often play a crucial role in the daily life of the castle. They would oversee the domestic staff, ensuring the smooth running of the castle's household. This would involve managing the provisioning of food and supplies, organizing feasts and events, and maintaining the general upkeep of the castle's interior.
In my personal experience as a sommelier and brewer, I have had the opportunity to visit and work in several castles that have been converted into wineries or breweries. It is fascinating to see how the duties of a castellan have evolved over time. While the military aspect may no longer be relevant, the responsibilities of managing the estate and overseeing the production of wine or beer remain important. The role of the castellan in these modern-day castles involves ensuring the quality of the products, managing the staff, and overseeing the marketing and sales of the wines or beers.
The duties of a castellan encompassed a wide range of responsibilities, combining military, administrative, and domestic duties. They played a vital role in maintaining the castle's security, managing its lands, and ensuring the well-being of the castle's inhabitants. The position required a combination of military expertise, administrative skills, and a keen understanding of the workings of the castle and its surrounding estates.