Chianti Rufina is a specific sub-region within the larger Chianti wine region in Tuscany, Italy. It is known for producing high-quality wines with unique characteristics. When it comes to the grape varieties used in Chianti Rufina, the regulations are similar to those of Chianti Classico.
According to the Chianti Rufina DOCG (Denominazione di Origine Controllata e Garantita) regulations, the wine must be made primarily from Sangiovese grapes. Sangiovese is the dominant grape variety in Chianti and is known for its bright acidity, cherry flavors, and savory notes. It is the backbone of Chianti wines and contributes to their characteristic style.
In Chianti Rufina, Sangiovese must make up at least 70 percent of the blend. This ensures that the wine retains the traditional Chianti character. The remaining 30 percent can be made up of other local grape varieties such as Canaiolo, Colorino, and Malvasia Nera. These grapes add complexity and depth to the wine, contributing different flavors and aromas.
Canaiolo is a red grape variety that is often used in Chianti blends. It adds softness and roundness to the wine, with flavors of red berries and spice. Colorino, as the name suggests, adds color to the wine and also brings in more tannins and structure. It has notes of dark fruit and herbs.
While these local grape varieties are commonly used in Chianti Rufina, winemakers are also allowed to include international grape varieties in small proportions. This can include grapes like Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, and Merlot. However, the total amount of these international varieties cannot exceed 15 percent of the blend.
Including these international grape varieties can bring additional complexity and richness to the wine. Cabernet Sauvignon, for example, can contribute flavors of blackcurrant and cedar, while Cabernet Franc may add herbal and floral notes. Merlot often adds softness and plummy flavors to the blend.
It is important to note that the specific proportions of the grape varieties used in Chianti Rufina can vary depending on the producer and their winemaking style. Some winemakers may choose to focus more on Sangiovese, while others may opt for a higher percentage of international varieties. This allows for a range of styles within the Chianti Rufina appellation.
Chianti Rufina is a wine that showcases the unique characteristics of the Sangiovese grape, along with the influence of other local and international grape varieties. The combination of these grapes creates a complex and balanced wine that is characteristic of the Chianti region.