The father of Scotch whisky is often attributed to a friar named John Cor, who is mentioned in the first known written reference to a batch of Scotch whisky on 1 June 1495. This historical document, written in Latin, is found in the Exchequer Rolls and translates to: “To Brother John Cor, by order of the King, to make aqua vitae VIII bolls of malt.”
John Cor's role in the production of aqua vitae, which later evolved into Scotch whisky, marks a significant milestone in the history of this beloved spirit. While the exact details of John Cor's life and work are not extensively documented, his mention in the Exchequer Rolls signifies his importance as a figure in the development of whisky in Scotland.
During the late 15th century, whisky production in Scotland was still in its nascent stages. It is believed that monks and friars played a crucial role in the distillation process, as they possessed the knowledge and expertise required to produce alcoholic beverages. Monasteries were often centers of brewing and distilling, as they had access to ingredients such as barley and water, necessary for the production of whisky.
In this context, John Cor's mention in the Exchequer Rolls indicates that he was responsible for producing eight bolls of malt, the raw material used in whisky production. The term “aqua vitae” was a common term used to refer to distilled spirits during that time, and it is believed that the aqua vitae produced by John Cor was a precursor to what we now know as Scotch whisky.
It is important to note that while John Cor is recognized as an early figure in the production of Scotch whisky, he is not necessarily the sole originator of the spirit. Whisky production was likely a collaborative effort among various individuals and communities in Scotland during that period. John Cor's mention in the Exchequer Rolls, however, serves as an important historical reference point in tracing the early roots of Scotch whisky.
As a sommelier and brewer, I find this historical tidbit fascinating. It highlights the rich and complex history behind one of the world's most beloved spirits. The fact that John Cor was entrusted by the King to produce aqua vitae further demonstrates the significance of whisky production in Scotland during that time.
While John Cor is often referred to as the father of Scotch whisky, it is important to recognize that whisky production during the late 15th century was a collective effort. John Cor's mention in the Exchequer Rolls establishes his role in the production of aqua vitae, which later evolved into Scotch whisky. This historical reference serves as a valuable insight into the early origins of this iconic spirit.