Chianti and Chianti Classico are both Italian wines that are predominantly made from the Sangiovese grape. However, there are some key differences between the two.
1. Minimum Sangiovese Content:
In order to be classified as Chianti, the wine must contain a minimum of 70% Sangiovese grapes. On the other hand, Chianti Classico has a higher requirement, with a minimum of 80% Sangiovese content. This means that Chianti Classico is often considered to be a higher quality wine due to the higher percentage of the main grape variety.
2. Production Area:
The production areas of Chianti and Chianti Classico also differ. Chianti is produced in a larger region that encompasses seven subzones within Tuscany, including Florence, Siena, Arezzo, and Pisa. On the other hand, Chianti Classico is produced in a smaller, more specific area, known as the historic heartland of Chianti, located between Florence and Siena. This smaller production area is believed to have the most ideal conditions for growing Sangiovese grapes.
3. Aging Requirements:
Another difference between Chianti and Chianti Classico is the aging requirements. Chianti Classico has stricter regulations when it comes to aging. It must be aged for a minimum of 12 months, with at least 8 months in oak barrels. Chianti, on the other hand, has a minimum aging requirement of just 3 months. This longer aging period for Chianti Classico allows the wine to develop more complexity and depth of flavors.
4. Flavor Profile:
Due to the higher Sangiovese content and stricter aging requirements, Chianti Classico often exhibits more complexity and structure compared to Chianti. Chianti Classico wines are known for their intense aromas of cherries, red berries, and floral notes, with a medium to full body and well-integrated tannins. Chianti, on the other hand, tends to be lighter in body with more vibrant acidity and flavors of red fruits.
5. Bottle Design:
Lastly, the two wines can also be distinguished by their bottle design. Chianti Classico is traditionally bottled in a distinctive squat bottle known as a “fiasco,” which is enclosed in a straw basket. This traditional bottle design is a nod to the wine's history and adds a unique visual element to the presentation. In contrast, Chianti is typically bottled in a more standard wine bottle.
While Chianti and Chianti Classico share similarities as Sangiovese-based wines, there are notable differences in terms of minimum Sangiovese content, production area, aging requirements, flavor profile, and bottle design. These differences contribute to the unique characteristics and qualities of each wine, making them distinct expressions of the Sangiovese grape.