The history of Commandaria St John is one that is steeped in both legend and tradition. The origins of this famous wine are believed to date back thousands of years, making it one of the oldest named wines in the world.
According to historical accounts, the name “Commandaria” was given to this wine by crusading knights in the 13th century. These knights, who had established a stronghold in the region known as “La Grande Commanderie,” recognized the quality and uniqueness of the local wine and began to export it back to their homelands.
However, recent archaeological discoveries have suggested that the production of Commandaria wine actually predates the arrival of the crusaders by several millennia. Excavations in the region have uncovered evidence of winemaking dating back as far as 5,000 years ago. This has led experts to believe that the tradition of producing Commandaria wine has been passed down through generations, making it an integral part of the island's cultural heritage.
The production of Commandaria wine takes place in the fertile high-altitude slopes of the south-western part of the island. These slopes provide the ideal conditions for grape cultivation, with their rich soil, sun exposure, and cool mountain breezes. The specific grape varieties used in the production of Commandaria include the white Xynisteri and the red Mavro, both of which thrive in the Mediterranean climate.
The unique flavor profile of Commandaria wine is a result of a combination of factors. Firstly, the grapes used in its production are left to ripen on the vine for an extended period, allowing them to reach a high level of natural sweetness. Secondly, the grapes are then harvested and laid out in the sun to dry for a period of time, a process known as “sun-drying.” This concentrates the sugars in the grapes, resulting in a rich and luscious flavor.
Once the grapes have been dried, they are pressed and the juice is fermented in oak barrels for a minimum of two years. This aging process further enhances the complexity and depth of the wine, as it develops its characteristic nutty and caramel notes.
Commandaria wine has a long-standing reputation for its quality and has been highly prized throughout history. It has been mentioned in ancient Greek texts, praised by medieval poets, and enjoyed by European royalty. Its rich history and association with the crusaders have given it a certain mystique, making it a sought-after wine for wine enthusiasts and collectors.
The history of Commandaria St John is a fascinating journey through time. From its origins as a wine made thousands of years ago in the fertile slopes of Cyprus, to its recognition and exportation by crusading knights, this wine has stood the test of time. Its unique production methods and distinct flavor profile continue to make it a beloved and respected wine in the world of oenophiles.