As an expert sommelier and brewer, I can tell you that Tequila is typically distilled twice. This is a standard practice in the production of Tequila and is regulated by the Mexican government. The two distillations help to refine and purify the spirit, resulting in a smoother and more balanced flavor profile.
During the first distillation, the fermented juice from the agave plant is heated and the alcohol is separated from the other components. This initial distillation helps to remove impurities and unwanted flavors, resulting in a cleaner and more concentrated liquid. The liquid that is collected from this distillation is then typically distilled a second time to further refine the Tequila.
Distilling Tequila more than twice is not common practice and can actually have negative effects on the flavor of the spirit. Each distillation removes certain compounds from the liquid, including both desirable and undesirable elements. While the first distillation helps to remove impurities, the second distillation helps to concentrate the flavors and aromas of the Tequila.
If Tequila were to be distilled a third or fourth time, it would continue to remove more and more of these compounds, potentially stripping away some of the unique characteristics and flavors that make Tequila so special. This could result in a Tequila that is overly neutral and lacking in complexity.
It's important to note that the quality and flavor of Tequila is not solely dependent on the number of distillations. Other factors such as the quality of the agave, the fermentation process, and the aging techniques can also greatly impact the final product.
In my personal experience, I have found that Tequilas that have been distilled twice tend to have a good balance of flavors and a smooth finish. However, there are exceptions to every rule, and there are Tequilas that have been distilled more than twice and still maintain excellent quality.
Ultimately, the number of times Tequila is distilled is just one factor in the overall production process, and it is up to the distiller to determine what method will result in the best flavor and quality for their specific Tequila.