To answer this question, we need to understand what “real ale” actually means. Real ale is a term used to describe beer that is brewed using traditional methods and undergoes a secondary fermentation in the container from which it is served, typically a cask. This secondary fermentation allows the beer to naturally carbonate and develop flavors over time.
IPA, on the other hand, is a specific style of beer that originated in England during the colonial era. It was brewed with higher alcohol content and extra hops to withstand the long journey from England to India. Over time, the style has evolved and has become synonymous with bold, hop-forward flavors.
Now, let's examine whether IPA fits the criteria of real ale:
1. Traditional brewing methods: IPA can certainly be brewed using traditional methods. The use of malt, water, hops, and yeast to create the beer is the foundation of traditional brewing. However, IPA brewing techniques have evolved over time, and modern brewers often incorporate new ingredients and methods to enhance the hop flavors.
2. Secondary fermentation: This is where IPA may not fit the traditional definition of real ale. While some IPAs are served from casks and undergo secondary fermentation, many IPAs are carbonated using forced carbonation methods like kegging or bottle conditioning. This means that the beer is carbonated artificially rather than through natural fermentation in the container it is served from.
3. Flavor development over time: Real ale is known for its ability to develop complex flavors over time due to the secondary fermentation. While some IPAs may age well and improve in flavor, the majority of IPAs are best consumed fresh to fully appreciate their hop flavors and aromas.
Considering these points, it can be argued that IPA is not necessarily considered a traditional real ale. However, it's important to note that the definition of real ale has evolved over time, and different beer organizations and enthusiasts may have varying opinions on what qualifies as real ale.
In my personal experience as a sommelier and brewer, I have seen a growing interest in craft beer and IPA specifically. The popularity of IPAs has led to a wide range of interpretations and variations within the style, from hazy and juicy New England IPAs to bitter and resinous West Coast IPAs. These variations showcase the creativity and innovation within the craft beer industry.
Ultimately, whether or not IPA is considered real ale may depend on your perspective and the specific criteria you choose to define real ale. What is certain is that IPA has played a significant role in the craft beer movement, captivating beer drinkers with its bold flavors and pushing the boundaries of what beer can be.