Jack Daniel's Black, also known as Old No. 7, is not technically classified as a bourbon. While it shares many similarities with bourbon, there are key differences in the production process that set it apart. As an expert sommelier and brewer, I can delve into the details and explain why Jack Daniel's Black is not considered a bourbon.
First and foremost, the distinction lies in the charcoal-mellowing process used by Jack Daniel's. This unique method involves slowly dripping the whiskey through 10 feet of charcoal made from sugar maple. This charcoal filtration, known as the Lincoln County Process, imparts a smooth and distinctive character to the whiskey. Bourbon, on the other hand, does not undergo this charcoal-mellowing step.
Another notable difference is the use of sour mash in the production of Jack Daniel's. Sour mash is a technique where a portion of the previously fermented mash is added to the new batch. This helps maintain consistency and control the pH levels during fermentation. While bourbon can also utilize sour mash, it is not a requirement. Therefore, the use of sour mash is not exclusive to Jack Daniel's, but it is a defining characteristic of their production process.
Furthermore, the mash bill used in the production of Jack Daniel's differs from the traditional bourbon mash bill. The mash bill for bourbon typically consists of at least 51% corn, with the remaining portion made up of grains like barley, rye, or wheat. In contrast, Jack Daniel's predominantly uses corn, but also includes a portion of malted barley and rye. This variation in the mash bill further distinguishes Jack Daniel's from being classified strictly as a bourbon.
Now, it's worth mentioning that Jack Daniel's meets all the other requirements to be considered a bourbon. It is aged in new charred oak barrels, distilled to no more than 160 proof, and entered into the barrel for aging at no higher than 125 proof. However, due to the unique charcoal-mellowing process, the use of sour mash, and the variation in the mash bill, Jack Daniel's is not labeled as a bourbon.
As an expert sommelier and brewer, I have had the opportunity to taste and analyze a wide range of whiskies, including Jack Daniel's Black. The charcoal-mellowing process adds a distinct smoothness and richness to the whiskey, making it a favorite among many whiskey enthusiasts. The flavors of caramel, vanilla, and oak are beautifully balanced, creating a complex and enjoyable sipping experience.
While Jack Daniel's Black shares some similarities with bourbon, it is not classified as such due to the unique charcoal-mellowing process, the use of sour mash, and the variation in the mash bill. Regardless of its classification, Jack Daniel's Black remains a beloved and iconic whiskey, cherished by enthusiasts around the world.