Low intervention wine and natural wine are often used interchangeably, but they are not exactly the same thing. While both aim to minimize additives and interventions in the winemaking process, there are some subtle differences.
Natural wine is made with minimal intervention throughout the entire winemaking process. This means that the grapes are grown organically or biodynamically, without the use of synthetic pesticides or fertilizers. The grapes are typically hand-harvested and sorted, and then crushed and fermented with indigenous yeast, meaning the yeast that is naturally present on the grape skins. No commercial yeast is added. This is a key characteristic of natural wine, as it allows the true expression of the grape and the vineyard to shine through.
In addition to using indigenous yeast, natural winemakers also avoid adding any additives or chemicals to the wine. This means no added sulfites (or very minimal amounts), no fining agents, and no filtering. Natural wine is often unfiltered and can have a slightly cloudy appearance. It is also typically bottled without any added sugar or acidity adjustments.
On the other hand, low intervention wine refers to wines that are made with minimal intervention, but may still have some small additions or manipulations. While low intervention winemakers also prioritize organic or biodynamic farming practices and use indigenous yeast, they may allow for small additions of sulfites to stabilize the wine or prevent spoilage. Some low intervention winemakers may also choose to fine or filter their wines to achieve a desired clarity or stability.
So, while all natural wines can be considered low intervention, not all low intervention wines can be considered natural. Natural wines take the concept of low intervention to the extreme, embracing a more hands-off approach and allowing the wine to express its true nature without any additives or manipulations.
I have had the pleasure of tasting both natural wines and low intervention wines, and I must say that there is a distinct difference in their flavors and overall character. Natural wines often have a raw and rustic quality to them, with earthy and funky aromas and flavors. They can be unpredictable and challenging, but also incredibly exciting and unique. Low intervention wines, while still showcasing the terroir and authenticity of the vineyard, may have a cleaner and more polished profile, with a focus on balance and finesse.
Low intervention wine can be considered a subset of natural wine, but the term “natural wine” specifically refers to wines made with absolutely minimal intervention or additives. Both styles offer an authentic representation of the vineyard and the grapes, and are worth exploring for those seeking a more genuine and expressive wine experience.