Mendoza's wine region is known for its high altitude vineyards, which contribute to the production of some of Argentina's most highly rated Malbec wines. The vineyards in Mendoza are located in the foothills of the Andes mountains, between 2,800 and 5,000 feet (850 and 1,520 meters) above sea level.
The high altitude of Mendoza's wine region is one of the key factors that sets it apart from other wine regions around the world. The elevation provides a unique and ideal growing environment for the grapes, resulting in wines with exceptional quality and character.
One of the main advantages of high altitude vineyards is the cooler temperatures. As you ascend in altitude, the temperature drops, creating a more moderate and temperate climate. This cooler climate helps to preserve the acidity and freshness of the grapes, resulting in wines that are vibrant and balanced.
The altitude also has an impact on the intensity of the sunlight that reaches the vines. At higher altitudes, the vines receive more direct sunlight, which promotes the development of thicker skins on the grapes. This can contribute to wines with deeper color and more concentrated flavors.
Furthermore, the high altitude of Mendoza's vineyards also affects the vineyard management practices. The thinner air at higher elevations means that the grapes receive less protection from harmful UV rays. As a result, vineyard managers often employ techniques such as shade cloth or canopy management to protect the grapes from excessive sun exposure.
Additionally, the altitude affects the growing season and the ripening process of the grapes. The diurnal temperature variation, or the difference between daytime and nighttime temperatures, is more pronounced at higher altitudes. This diurnal shift allows the grapes to ripen slowly and evenly, developing complex flavors and aromas.
The districts of Lujan de Cuyo and the Uco Valley are particularly renowned for their high altitude vineyards. These regions benefit from the proximity to the Andes mountains, which not only provide the elevation but also a source of pure mountain water for irrigation.
In my personal experience as a sommelier, I have had the opportunity to taste and appreciate the wines produced from Mendoza's high altitude vineyards. The wines display a unique combination of freshness, elegance, and intensity that is truly captivating. The high altitude contributes to the wines' structure and balance, making them a pleasure to drink.
To summarize, the altitude of Mendoza's wine region ranges between 2,800 and 5,000 feet (850 and 1,520 meters) above sea level. This high elevation plays a crucial role in shaping the unique characteristics of the wines, including their freshness, intensity, and complexity. The high altitude vineyards of Mendoza are truly a treasure for wine lovers and a testament to the region's winemaking excellence.