American single malt and bourbon are both types of whiskey, but they have distinct differences in terms of ingredients, production methods, and flavor profiles.
1. Ingredients:
– Bourbon: To be classified as bourbon, the mash bill must contain at least 51 percent corn. The remaining grains can include malted barley, rye, and wheat. However, corn is the dominant grain in bourbon, giving it a sweeter and smoother flavor profile compared to other types of whiskey.
– American Single Malt: The proposed new standard for American single malt dictates that it must be made from 100 percent malted barley. This is the same criterion Scotland uses to classify single malt scotch. The use of 100 percent malted barley gives American single malt a distinct flavor profile, characterized by rich malty notes and a subtle sweetness.
2. Production Methods:
– Bourbon: Bourbon is typically aged in new, charred oak barrels. The aging process imparts flavors and characteristics from the wood, such as vanilla, caramel, and oakiness. Additionally, bourbon must be aged for at least two years to be called “straight” bourbon.
– American Single Malt: American single malt whiskey can be aged in a variety of cask types, including used bourbon barrels, sherry casks, or wine barrels. This allows for greater experimentation and flavor complexity. The aging process contributes to the development of flavors unique to each distillery's style and techniques.
3. Flavor Profiles:
– Bourbon: Due to its high corn content, bourbon tends to have a sweet and rich flavor profile. It often exhibits notes of caramel, vanilla, oak, and sometimes a hint of spice from the rye or wheat in the mash bill. The flavor can vary depending on factors such as aging, distillation techniques, and the specific grains used.
– American Single Malt: American single malt whiskey made from 100 percent malted barley offers a different flavor experience. It tends to have a more pronounced maltiness, with flavors of toasted grains, cereal, honey, and sometimes a touch of fruitiness. The flavor can also be influenced by the type of barley used, the malting process, and the aging conditions.
The main difference between American single malt and bourbon lies in their respective mash bills and production methods. Bourbon must contain at least 51 percent corn, while American single malt is made exclusively from 100 percent malted barley. These differences in ingredients and production result in distinct flavor profiles, with bourbon being sweeter and American single malt showcasing a more pronounced maltiness. Both styles offer unique and enjoyable whiskey experiences for enthusiasts to explore.