Fendant and Chasselas are both types of grape varieties commonly found in Switzerland, particularly in the Valais region. While they are related, there are some key differences between the two.
1. Berry Characteristics:
– Fendant: Fendant is a particular type of Chasselas that is known for its unique berry characteristic. When the berries of Fendant grapes are pressed between the fingers, they split or crack open, hence the name “Fendant” which means splitting in French.
– Chasselas: On the other hand, Chasselas grapes come in various types, including Fendant. However, not all Chasselas grapes exhibit the splitting characteristic. Some Chasselas grapes have berries that burst when pressed, which is known as the Giclet type.
2. Appearance:
– Fendant: The splitting characteristic of Fendant grapes can be easily observed by examining the berries. When you press a Fendant grape berry between your fingers, you will notice the split in the skin.
– Chasselas: For Chasselas grapes, the appearance can vary depending on the type. Non-Fendant Chasselas grapes will not show the split in the berry skin but may have other distinguishing features.
3. Flavor Profile:
– Fendant: Fendant wines are typically described as crisp, fresh, and fruity. They often exhibit notes of citrus, apple, and sometimes mineral undertones. The splitting characteristic of Fendant grapes is believed to contribute to the unique flavor profile of these wines.
– Chasselas: Chasselas wines, including Fendant, are known for their delicate and subtle flavors. They are often described as light-bodied with hints of stone fruits, floral notes, and a touch of refreshing acidity. Non-Fendant Chasselas wines may have similar flavor profiles.
4. Winemaking:
– Fendant: The splitting characteristic of Fendant grapes can affect the winemaking process. The split berries can release more juice during pressing, potentially leading to a higher yield of juice. Winemakers may need to adjust their winemaking techniques to accommodate the unique characteristics of Fendant grapes.
– Chasselas: In general, Chasselas grapes are often used to produce dry white wines. The winemaking process for Chasselas, including Fendant, typically involves gentle pressing, fermentation at controlled temperatures, and aging in stainless steel or neutral oak to preserve the delicate flavors.
Personal Experience:
As a sommelier and brewer, I have had the opportunity to taste and work with both Fendant and Chasselas wines. The splitting characteristic of Fendant grapes adds an interesting aspect to the wine, both visually and in terms of flavor. I have found Fendant wines to be lively and refreshing, with a distinctive fruity character that sets them apart from other Chasselas wines.
Fendant is a specific type of Chasselas grape that exhibits the unique characteristic of splitting when pressed. This characteristic contributes to the distinct flavor profile of Fendant wines, which are known for their freshness, fruitiness, and sometimes mineral undertones. While Chasselas grapes can produce a range of wines, including Fendant, the splitting characteristic is not present in all Chasselas varieties.