Prosecco is a sparkling wine that originates from the northeastern region of Italy, specifically the Veneto and Friuli-Venezia Giulia regions. It is made primarily from a grape variety called glera, which must account for at least 85% of the grape blend used in the production of Prosecco. Glera is known for its crisp acidity and delicate flavors, making it a perfect choice for producing sparkling wines.
In addition to glera, Prosecco may also include other local and international grape varieties in its blend. These grape varieties can vary depending on the specific regulations and winemaking practices of the region. Some of the local grape varieties commonly used in Prosecco production include verdiso, bianchetta trevigiana, and perera. These varieties contribute unique characteristics to the final wine, adding complexity and depth.
Furthermore, Prosecco may also incorporate internationally recognized grape varieties such as chardonnay, pinot bianco, pinot grigio, and pinot noir. These grapes are often used to enhance the flavor profile and structure of the wine, bringing additional fruity and floral notes to the mix.
As a sommelier and brewer, I have had the opportunity to taste and explore various Proseccos made from different grape blends. Each wine has its own distinct personality, influenced by the specific combination of grapes used. Some Proseccos may showcase more pronounced citrus flavors from the glera grape, while others may exhibit floral and tropical fruit notes from the additional grape varieties.
It is worth noting that the majority of Prosecco is produced using the Charmat method, also known as the tank method. This method involves conducting the secondary fermentation, where the bubbles are created, in large pressurized tanks. This approach preserves the wine's freshness and fruitiness, making it an ideal choice for Prosecco's vibrant and lively character.
To summarize, Prosecco is made primarily from the glera grape variety, accounting for at least 85% of the blend. It may also include local and international grape varieties such as verdiso, bianchetta trevigiana, perera, chardonnay, pinot bianco, pinot grigio, and pinot noir. These grapes contribute to the unique flavor profile and characteristics of Prosecco, making it a delightful and refreshing sparkling wine option.