The difference between single malt and single grain scotch lies in the ingredients used and the distillation process. Single malt scotch is exclusively made from malted barley, while single grain scotch can be made from a variety of grains such as barley, rye, wheat, and corn. These grains can be malted or unmalted.
To understand the difference better, let's delve into the production process of each type of scotch. Single malt scotch is made from malted barley, which is soaked in water and allowed to germinate. The germinated barley is then dried in kilns, which stops the germination process and imparts flavors of smoke and maltiness. The dried malted barley, known as malt, is then ground into a coarse flour called grist. The grist is mixed with hot water in a mash tun to extract the sugars, which are then fermented with yeast in large vessels called washbacks. The resulting liquid, known as wash, is distilled in pot stills to produce single malt scotch.
On the other hand, single grain scotch can be made from a mixture of malted and unmalted grains. The grains are ground into grist, similar to single malt scotch, and mixed with hot water in a mash tun. The mixture is then fermented and distilled in continuous column stills, which allow for a more efficient and continuous distillation process. This method produces a lighter and smoother spirit compared to the more robust and complex flavors found in single malt scotch.
One of the reasons for the distinction between single malt and single grain scotch is the historical development of the whisky industry in Scotland. Traditionally, single malt scotch was the predominant style of whisky produced, with each distillery having its own unique character and flavor profile. However, as demand for whisky grew, distilleries began experimenting with different grains and production methods, leading to the creation of single grain scotch.
In terms of flavor, single malt scotch tends to have a rich and complex profile, with notes of malt, fruit, spices, and sometimes a hint of peat smoke. The use of malted barley as the sole grain contributes to the depth and intensity of these flavors. Single grain scotch, on the other hand, is often lighter and more delicate, with flavors of vanilla, caramel, and toffee. The combination of different grains and the use of continuous column stills result in a smoother and more approachable whisky.
It's worth noting that the distinction between single malt and single grain scotch is not an indicator of quality. Both styles can produce exceptional whiskies that cater to different preferences and occasions. Some whisky enthusiasts prefer the complexity and character of single malt scotch, while others enjoy the smoothness and versatility of single grain scotch.
The main difference between single malt and single grain scotch is the type of grains used and the distillation process. Single malt scotch is made exclusively from malted barley and distilled in pot stills, resulting in a rich and complex whisky. Single grain scotch, on the other hand, can be made from various grains and distilled in continuous column stills, producing a lighter and smoother spirit. It's always fascinating to explore the diverse world of scotch whisky and discover the unique qualities that each style has to offer.