As an expert sommelier and brewer, I can confidently say that the sweetness of Chardonnay and Sauvignon Blanc can vary depending on several factors. Generally speaking, both wines are traditionally quite dry, but there are instances where Sauvignon Blanc can be sweeter than Chardonnay.
Chardonnay is known for its richness and full-bodied nature. It often exhibits flavors of ripe fruit such as apple, pear, and tropical fruits, along with notes of vanilla and butter. The mouthfeel of Chardonnay can be quite viscous and creamy, coating the palate with its luscious texture. In terms of sweetness, Chardonnay tends to be drier, with minimal residual sugar remaining after fermentation. However, there are some exceptions where Chardonnay can be made in a slightly off-dry or even sweet style, particularly in warmer regions where the grapes can attain higher sugar levels.
On the other hand, Sauvignon Blanc is generally lighter, brighter, and more herbaceous in character. It often showcases vibrant citrus flavors like lemon, lime, and grapefruit, as well as green notes of grass and herbs. Sauvignon Blanc is typically associated with a crisp and refreshing mouthfeel, making it a popular choice for hot summer days. In terms of sweetness, Sauvignon Blanc is also predominantly dry, with most examples offering little to no residual sugar. However, there are some Sauvignon Blancs, particularly from regions like New Zealand, where winemakers intentionally leave a touch of residual sugar to balance out the wine's high acidity, resulting in a slightly sweeter profile.
Personal experiences have taught me that the sweetness of both Chardonnay and Sauvignon Blanc can also be influenced by winemaking techniques. Some winemakers may choose to halt fermentation before all the sugar is converted into alcohol, resulting in a sweeter wine. This is known as “residual sugar” and can be found in both Chardonnay and Sauvignon Blanc, although it is more commonly found in certain styles of Sauvignon Blanc.
To summarize, Chardonnay and Sauvignon Blanc are generally dry wines, but there are exceptions. Chardonnay tends to be richer, fuller-bodied, and drier overall, while Sauvignon Blanc is lighter, brighter, and can occasionally exhibit a touch of sweetness, especially in certain regions and winemaking styles. Ultimately, the perceived sweetness of these wines can vary based on personal taste preferences and the specific bottlings chosen.