Why is it called bourbon and not whiskey? This is a question that has intrigued many whiskey enthusiasts and historians alike. As an expert sommelier and brewer, I am here to shed some light on the matter.
The name “bourbon” has its origins in the French Bourbon dynasty, but the exact source of inspiration for naming this type of whiskey is still a subject of debate. There are a few contenders that have been put forward over the years, and I will explore them for you.
One theory suggests that bourbon whiskey is named after Bourbon County in Kentucky. This county, established in 1785, was one of the first regions in the United States to produce whiskey on a large scale. Back in the 18th century, whiskey was commonly produced in the region using corn as the main grain. This corn-based spirit eventually became known as bourbon. It is worth noting that today, bourbon can be legally produced anywhere in the United States, not just in Bourbon County.
Another theory proposes that the name bourbon comes from Bourbon Street in New Orleans. This famous street, located in the heart of the French Quarter, is known for its vibrant nightlife and rich history. In the late 18th century, New Orleans was a major hub for the whiskey trade, and it is believed that bourbon whiskey gained popularity in the city. As a result, some speculate that the whiskey was named after the iconic Bourbon Street.
While these theories provide plausible explanations, it is important to recognize that the true source of inspiration for the name bourbon may never be definitively determined. The origins of many alcoholic beverages, including whiskey, can often be shrouded in mystery and folklore.
In terms of the characteristics of bourbon whiskey that set it apart from other types of whiskey, there are a few key factors to consider. Firstly, bourbon must be made in the United States. This is a legal requirement set by the U.S. government. Additionally, bourbon must be made from a grain mixture that is at least 51% corn. The use of corn gives bourbon its unique sweetness and contributes to its distinct flavor profile.
Furthermore, bourbon must be aged in new, charred oak barrels. This aging process imparts flavors of caramel, vanilla, and oak into the whiskey. The length of the aging process can vary, but to be considered straight bourbon, it must be aged for at least two years. However, many bourbon producers choose to age their whiskey for much longer, resulting in a more complex and refined product.
It is also worth mentioning that bourbon whiskey has specific legal requirements regarding its proof. To be labeled as bourbon, the spirit must be distilled to no more than 160 proof and entered into the barrel for aging at no more than 125 proof. Additionally, when the whiskey is bottled, it must be done at a minimum of 80 proof.
The name “bourbon” for this type of whiskey has been a topic of much speculation and debate. While there are theories linking it to Bourbon County in Kentucky or Bourbon Street in New Orleans, the true inspiration behind the name remains uncertain. What we do know is that bourbon whiskey is a uniquely American spirit, with specific legal requirements regarding its production, aging, and proof. It is a beloved and cherished drink that continues to captivate whiskey enthusiasts around the world.