Bourbon is indeed a type of whiskey, but it is important to note that not all whiskeys can be classified as bourbon. Bourbon is a specific category of American whiskey that has its own set of regulations and standards that must be met in order to bear the name “bourbon.”
To be considered bourbon, the whiskey must meet the following criteria:
1. It must be produced in the United States. While other countries produce whiskey, bourbon is a uniquely American spirit.
2. It must be made from a grain mixture that is at least 51% corn. The remaining grains can include malted barley, rye, or wheat. The high percentage of corn in the mash bill gives bourbon its distinct sweetness.
3. It must be distilled to no more than 160 proof (80% alcohol by volume) and entered into the barrel for aging at no more than 125 proof (62.5% alcohol by volume).
4. It must be aged in new, charred oak barrels. Unlike other types of whiskey that can be aged in used barrels, bourbon must be aged in brand new barrels. The charring of the barrels gives bourbon its signature flavors of vanilla and caramel.
5. It must be aged for a minimum of two years. However, to be labeled as “straight bourbon,” it must be aged for at least four years.
These regulations ensure that bourbon has a distinct flavor profile and sets it apart from other types of whiskey. While bourbon is often associated with Kentucky, it can be produced anywhere in the United States as long as it meets the aforementioned criteria.
In terms of taste, bourbon is known for its rich and sweet flavors. The high corn content lends it a smooth and mellow character, while the aging process in charred oak barrels adds depth and complexity. You can expect to find notes of caramel, vanilla, oak, and spice in a good bourbon.
As a sommelier and brewer, I have had the opportunity to taste and appreciate a wide variety of bourbons. Each brand and expression has its own unique characteristics, making the world of bourbon a truly fascinating one to explore. Whether enjoyed neat, on the rocks, or in cocktails, bourbon offers a delightful drinking experience.
Bourbon is indeed a type of whiskey, but it is a distinct category within the world of American whiskey. Its specific production methods and flavor profile make it a beloved spirit among whiskey enthusiasts. Whether you are new to bourbon or a seasoned connoisseur, there is always something exciting to discover in the realm of this classic American whiskey.