Tequila is not made out of pineapple. While the heart or center of the agave plant is sometimes referred to as a “pineapple” due to its resemblance to the tropical fruit, tequila is actually made from the blue agave plant, specifically the mezontle or heart of the plant.
The blue agave plant, scientifically known as Tequilana weber blue agave, is the only raw material used in the production of 100% agave tequila. This plant is native to Mexico and is cultivated in the region surrounding the town of Tequila, giving the spirit its name.
When the agave plant reaches maturity, which can take anywhere from 7 to 10 years, the leaves are stripped away, revealing the core or “pineapple” of the plant. The mezontle is the section of the plant used to make tequila, as it contains the highest concentration of sugars.
To extract the sugars from the mezontle, it is cooked or roasted in ovens called hornos. This process softens the plant fibers and converts the starches into fermentable sugars. The cooked mezontle is then crushed to extract the sweet juice, known as aguamiel, which translates to “honey water.”
The aguamiel is fermented using yeast, converting the sugars into alcohol. Traditionally, this fermentation process occurs in wooden vats, but modern tequila production often utilizes stainless steel tanks. The resulting liquid is known as “mosto” or “must” and is the precursor to tequila.
After fermentation, the mosto is distilled at least twice to increase the alcohol content and remove impurities. The distillation process helps to concentrate the flavors and aromas of the agave, resulting in the distinctive character of tequila.
Once the tequila has been distilled, it can be aged in oak barrels, similar to whiskey or wine, to enhance its flavor profile. The aging process can vary from a few months to several years, with different types of barrels imparting unique characteristics to the tequila.
It's important to note that not all tequila is made from 100% agave. Some lower-quality tequilas may contain additives such as sugar or caramel coloring. However, true tequila enthusiasts often seek out brands that proudly display the “100% agave” label, ensuring that the spirit is made solely from the blue agave plant.
Tequila is not made out of pineapple. The pineapple-like structure of the agave plant, known as the mezontle, is where the sugars are concentrated and used to make tequila. The blue agave plant is the only raw material used in the production of tequila, and its unique flavor profile and production process make it a beloved spirit enjoyed worldwide.