What are the three types of cognac?

Answered by Vince Keith

As an expert sommelier and brewer, I am delighted to share my knowledge about the intriguing world of . Cognac is not considered a hard alcoholic like or ; instead, it is classified as a spirit. This unique French spirit has a rich history and a distinct production process that sets it apart from other . One of the fascinating aspects of cognac is the different types or classifications it can be categorized into. Let's explore the three main types of cognac:

1. VS (Very Special) Cognac: This is the youngest and most accessible type of cognac. The term “Very Special” indicates that the youngest in the blend has been aged for a minimum of two years in oak . VS cognacs tend to have a vibrant and fruity flavor profile, with notes of fresh fruits, citrus, and a subtle oak influence. They are often enjoyed on their own or used in .

2. VSOP (Very Superior Old Pale) Cognac: VSOP cognac is aged for a minimum of four years, with the youngest brandy in the blend having been aged for at least four years in oak barrels. The additional aging imparts more complexity, depth, and smoothness to the spirit. VSOP cognacs typically exhibit a well-balanced flavor profile, with a harmonious blend of fruitiness, spice, and oak characteristics. They are often savored neat or served as a digestif after a meal.

3. XO (Extra Old) Cognac: XO cognac represents the pinnacle of aged cognacs. It is aged for a minimum of six years, with the youngest brandy in the blend having been aged for at least six years in oak barrels. However, it is important to note that starting from 2018, the minimum aging requirement for XO cognac has been increased to ten years. XO cognacs are renowned for their exceptional complexity, depth, and richness. They offer a wide range of flavors, including dried fruits, dark chocolate, leather, and spice. Due to their premium quality, XO cognacs are often enjoyed neat or with a splash of to fully appreciate their intricate flavors.

It is worth mentioning that these classifications are minimum age requirements, and many cognacs far exceed these standards. Some prestigious cognac houses produce blends that have been aged for several decades, resulting in unparalleled depth and sophistication.

In my personal experience, I have had the pleasure of tasting a variety of cognacs across different age classifications. Each type offers a unique and captivating experience, allowing me to appreciate the artistry and craftsmanship behind this exquisite spirit. Whether it's the youthful exuberance of a VS cognac or the refined elegance of an XO cognac, there is something for every palate and occasion.

The three types of cognac are VS (Very Special), VSOP (Very Superior Old Pale), and XO (Extra Old). Each type represents a different level of aging, complexity, and flavor profile. Exploring the world of cognac is a journey filled with discovery and delight, and I encourage all spirit enthusiasts to embark on this remarkable adventure.