IGT stands for Indicazione Geografica Tipica, which translates to “Typical Geographical Indication” in English. It is a classification system used in Italian wine to identify wines that come from a specific region. This classification is one step below the more prestigious DOC and DOCG classifications.
The main requirement for an IGT wine is that all the grapes used in its production must come from the region specified on the label. This means that the wine must be made from grapes grown in a specific geographical area, which gives it a sense of terroir and reflects the characteristics of that particular region.
Unlike the DOC and DOCG classifications, which have strict regulations regarding grape varieties, winemaking techniques, aging requirements, and other factors, the IGT category allows for more flexibility. There are no specific requirements for grape varieties or winemaking methods, which means that winemakers have more freedom to experiment and create unique wines.
One of the interesting aspects of IGT wines is that they can include foreign grape varieties in their blends. This allows winemakers to incorporate grapes that are not traditionally grown in the region, which can result in wines with different flavors and characteristics. For example, a winemaker in Tuscany could create an IGT wine using a blend of Sangiovese, the traditional Tuscan grape, along with a small percentage of Cabernet Sauvignon or Merlot.
It is important to note that just because a wine carries the IGT designation, it does not mean that it is of lower quality. While some IGT wines may be more experimental or unconventional, there are many excellent and highly regarded IGT wines produced in Italy. In fact, some winemakers choose to label their wines as IGT instead of DOC or DOCG because they believe it better represents the style and character of their wines.
In my personal experience, I have come across some fantastic IGT wines that have impressed me with their quality and uniqueness. For example, I have tried an IGT wine from Sicily made with a blend of Nero d'Avola and Syrah grapes, which showcased the rich and intense flavors of the region. I have also tasted an IGT wine from the Veneto region, which combined the local Corvina grape with a small percentage of Cabernet Sauvignon, resulting in a beautifully balanced and complex wine.
The IGT classification in Italian wine provides winemakers with the opportunity to showcase the diversity and potential of their regions. It allows for experimentation and creativity while still maintaining a connection to the specific terroir of the area. Whether you prefer traditional or more innovative styles of wine, IGT wines offer a wide range of options to explore and enjoy.