Chardonnay is a popular white wine varietal that is known for its versatility and wide range of flavors. It is produced in many different regions around the world, each with its own unique characteristics. When it comes to Chardonnay, there are two main styles that you might come across: unoaked and buttery.
Unoaked Chardonnay is a fresh and vibrant style of wine that showcases the natural flavors and aromas of the Chardonnay grape. It is typically fermented and aged in stainless steel or neutral oak barrels, which allows the fruit flavors to shine through. Unoaked Chardonnay is often described as having crisp acidity, bright citrus and apple notes, and a clean, refreshing finish. This style of Chardonnay is a great choice for those who prefer a lighter and more fruit-forward wine.
On the other hand, buttery Chardonnay is a style that has gained popularity in recent years. This style of Chardonnay undergoes a process called malolactic fermentation, which is a secondary fermentation that converts the sharper malic acid into a softer lactic acid. This fermentation process reduces the wine's acidity and adds a creamy, buttery texture to the wine. The result is a rich and full-bodied Chardonnay with flavors of ripe tropical fruits, vanilla, toasty oak, and, of course, butter.
The difference between unoaked Chardonnay and buttery Chardonnay lies primarily in the winemaking techniques used and the flavor profiles that result from those techniques. Unoaked Chardonnay retains its naturally fruit-forward flavor and showcases the characteristics of the grape itself. It is a lighter and crisper style of wine that pairs well with a variety of foods, particularly seafood and lighter poultry dishes.
On the other hand, buttery Chardonnay undergoes malolactic fermentation, which adds a layer of complexity and richness to the wine. The buttery notes come from the conversion of malic acid to lactic acid, which creates a creamy mouthfeel and a distinct buttery flavor. This style of Chardonnay is often aged in oak barrels, which contributes additional flavors of vanilla and toasty oak.
It's important to note that not all Chardonnays are buttery. The decision to undergo malolactic fermentation and use oak aging is up to the winemaker's preference and the desired style of the wine. Some winemakers may choose to create a more balanced Chardonnay by using a combination of oak aging and stainless steel fermentation, resulting in a wine that has a hint of creaminess without being overly buttery.
The difference between Chardonnay and buttery Chardonnay lies in the winemaking techniques and the resulting flavor profiles. Unoaked Chardonnay is a lighter and fruit-forward style, while buttery Chardonnay undergoes malolactic fermentation and oak aging, resulting in a rich and creamy wine. Both styles have their merits and can be enjoyed with a variety of dishes, so it ultimately comes down to personal preference.