Biodynamic and natural wines are both considered to be more environmentally friendly and sustainable compared to conventional wines. However, there are some differences in their production methods and philosophies.
Biodynamic wine is a holistic approach to farming that incorporates the principles of organic farming along with a belief in the interconnectedness of all elements in the vineyard ecosystem. Biodynamic growers use preparations made from natural substances such as plants, minerals, and animal manures to promote soil fertility and biodiversity. These preparations are often applied to the vineyard according to the lunar calendar and celestial movements, as biodynamic farmers believe that the position of the moon and stars can influence plant growth and vitality.
One of the key differences between biodynamic and natural wines is the use of these preparations and the emphasis on following the lunar calendar in biodynamic farming. Natural wine, on the other hand, is produced using minimal intervention in the vineyard and cellar. Natural winegrowers focus on cultivating healthy grapes without the use of synthetic chemicals, and they often avoid additives and technological interventions during the winemaking process.
In terms of vineyard management, both biodynamic and natural winegrowers prioritize biodiversity and aim to create a balanced ecosystem. They may employ practices such as cover cropping, composting, and the use of beneficial insects to control pests. However, biodynamic farming goes a step further by incorporating preparations and rituals aimed at enhancing the vitality and energy of the vineyard.
In the winemaking process, natural winemakers typically use wild yeasts for fermentation, avoid adding sulfites (or use very minimal amounts), and refrain from filtration or fining to preserve the natural characteristics of the wine. This can result in wines that are often described as funky, with unique flavors and textures that reflect the terroir and the grape variety.
Biodynamic winemakers may also follow similar principles in the cellar, but they may choose to use specific biodynamic preparations during fermentation or aging to enhance the wine's natural processes. Additionally, they may pay close attention to the lunar calendar when deciding on the optimal time for harvesting and bottling the wine.
Both biodynamic and natural wines have gained popularity among consumers who are looking for more sustainable and authentic options. However, it's important to note that not all natural wines are biodynamic, and vice versa. Each wine will have its own unique characteristics and flavors, reflecting the specific practices and philosophies of the winemaker.
In my personal experience as a sommelier and brewer, I have had the pleasure of tasting both biodynamic and natural wines. The biodynamic wines often exhibited a vibrant and lively character, with a sense of harmony and balance. The natural wines, on the other hand, had a certain wildness and unpredictability, with flavors and aromas that were sometimes unconventional but always intriguing. Both styles offered a different perspective on winemaking, showcasing the potential for producing wines that are not only delicious but also environmentally conscious.