To grow hops vertically, there are a few key steps to follow. As an experienced sommelier and brewer, I have grown hops myself and can provide you with a detailed guide.
1. Choose the right location: Hops thrive in full sun, so select a spot in your garden that receives at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight each day. Ensure the soil is well-drained and rich in organic matter. A slightly acidic soil pH of 6.0-7.0 is ideal for hop cultivation.
2. Prepare the soil: Before planting, amend the soil with compost or well-rotted manure to improve its fertility and drainage. Remove any weeds or grass from the planting area to minimize competition for nutrients and water.
3. Planting the rhizomes: Hops are typically propagated from rhizomes, which are underground stems. Plant the rhizomes horizontally, with the root side facing down, about 1-2 inches deep in the soil. Space them at least 3 feet apart to allow sufficient room for growth.
4. Mulching: After planting, cover the mound with a layer of straw or light mulch. This helps inhibit weed growth and retains moisture in the soil. Be careful not to bury the rhizomes too deeply, as they need some exposure to air and light for optimal growth.
5. Trellis setup: Hops are vigorous climbers and require a sturdy trellis system to support their vertical growth. There are several options for trellis design, but the most common ones are using heavy-duty ropes or twines or installing poles securely in the ground. Whichever method you choose, ensure it can handle the weight and growth of the hop bines.
6. Training the bines: As the hop bines emerge from the ground, gently guide them towards the trellis. You can loosely tie the bines to the trellis using twine or clips. Avoid twisting or tightly binding the bines, as this can restrict their growth.
7. Pruning and maintenance: Throughout the growing season, monitor the bines for any signs of disease or pest infestation. Prune away any damaged or diseased parts promptly to prevent further spread. Additionally, remove any lateral shoots that may emerge from the base of the plant, as they can divert energy from the main bine.
8. Watering and fertilizing: Hops require regular watering, especially during hot and dry periods. Aim for deep, thorough watering rather than frequent shallow watering. Applying a balanced fertilizer, high in nitrogen, in early spring can help promote healthy growth.
9. Harvesting: Hops are typically ready for harvest in late summer or early fall when the cones become fragrant and papery. Harvesting at the right time is crucial to ensure optimal flavor and aroma in your brewing. Carefully cut the bines near the base and collect the hop cones.
10. Drying and storage: After harvest, spread the hop cones in a single layer on a clean, dry surface in a well-ventilated area. Allow them to air dry for a few days until they feel brittle. Store the dried hops in airtight containers, in a cool and dark place, to preserve their freshness.
Growing hops vertically can be a rewarding experience, especially for homebrewers like myself. Following these steps will help you establish a thriving hop garden and provide you with fresh ingredients for your brewing adventures. Cheers!