What are the three levels of cognac?

Answered by Brandon Riddell

The world of is a fascinating one, filled with rich history and complex flavors. As an expert sommelier and brewer, I have had the pleasure of exploring this exquisite spirit in depth. When it comes to cognac, there are three distinct levels that denote the aging process and quality of the spirit: VS, VSOP, and XO (or Napoleon).

1. VS (Very Special):
VS stands for Very Special, and it signifies that the cognac has been aged for a minimum of two years. This level of cognac is often considered the entry point, offering a good introduction to the world of cognac. While it may not have the depth and complexity of the higher levels, VS cognacs can still be quite enjoyable. They typically exhibit vibrant and fruity flavors, with notes of citrus, apricot, and vanilla. The younger age of the cognac allows for a certain liveliness on the palate, making it a great choice for or mixed drinks. Personally, I have always found VS cognacs to be a delightful choice for a refreshing summer cocktail, such as a classic Sidecar.

2. VSOP (Very Special Old Pale):
Moving up the ladder, we come to VSOP, which stands for Very Special Old Pale. This level of cognac has been aged for a minimum of four years, providing a deeper and more complex character compared to VS cognacs. The additional time in oak allows the spirit to develop richer flavors and aromas. VSOP cognacs often showcase notes of dried fruits, caramel, honey, and spices. The increased maturity of the spirit gives it a smoother and more velvety mouthfeel, making it a perfect choice for sipping neat or on the rocks. I have always enjoyed savoring a glass of VSOP cognac after a long day, as its warm and comforting qualities help me unwind and relax.

3. XO or Napoleon (Extra Old):
The pinnacle of cognac is represented by XO, which stands for Extra Old, or sometimes referred to as Napoleon. To carry the XO label, cognac must be aged for a minimum of six years, though many producers choose to age their XO cognacs for even longer periods. The extended aging process results in an incredibly refined and luxurious spirit, boasting a complex tapestry of flavors and aromas. XO cognacs often exhibit a harmonious blend of dried fruits, spices, chocolate, leather, and oak. Their velvety texture and lingering finish make them a true indulgence for the senses. Whenever I have the opportunity to enjoy an XO cognac, I find myself transported to a place of pure bliss, savoring each sip as if it were a precious moment frozen in time.

The three levels of cognac – VS, VSOP, and XO – represent a progression in aging and quality. While VS cognacs provide an accessible introduction to the world of cognac, VSOP offers a deeper and more complex experience. XO cognacs stand as the pinnacle of luxury and refinement, showcasing the artistry and expertise of the producers. Each level has its own unique qualities and charms, allowing cognac enthusiasts to explore and appreciate the vast spectrum of flavors that this extraordinary spirit has to offer.