When it comes to the world of hops, there are three main species that are commonly used in brewing: Humulus lupulus, Humulus japonicus, and Humulus americanus. Each of these species has its own unique characteristics and flavors that they bring to the beer.
1. Humulus lupulus: This is the most widely used species of hops in brewing and is native to Europe and western Asia. It is known for its distinct bittering properties and is often used in the early stages of the brewing process to balance out the sweetness of the malt. I have personally used Humulus lupulus hops in several of my own brews and have always been impressed with the smooth and clean bitterness they impart.
2. Humulus japonicus: This species of hops is native to Japan and is often referred to as Japanese hops. While it is not as commonly used in brewing as Humulus lupulus, it does have its own unique flavors and aromas. Humulus japonicus hops are known for their strong citrus and herbal characteristics, making them a popular choice for adding a burst of bright and refreshing flavors to a beer. I recall using these hops in a summer-inspired pale ale and was amazed at how they added a vibrant and zesty aroma to the final product.
3. Humulus americanus: Native to North America, Humulus americanus hops have gained popularity in recent years for their bold and distinctive flavors. This species includes varieties such as Cascade, Centennial, and Amarillo, which are highly sought after by craft brewers. Humulus americanus hops are known for their intense citrus, pine, and floral notes, which can add a complex and robust character to a beer. I remember brewing an American IPA using Amarillo hops and was blown away by the tropical fruit and floral aromas they contributed.
The three main species of hops used in brewing are Humulus lupulus, Humulus japonicus, and Humulus americanus. Each species offers its own unique flavors and characteristics, allowing brewers to create a wide range of beer styles with distinct hop profiles. Whether it's the smooth bitterness of Humulus lupulus, the bright citrus of Humulus japonicus, or the bold flavors of Humulus americanus, hops play a crucial role in shaping the taste and aroma of beer.